The Business Bytes
THEBUSINESSBYTES BUREAU
DHAMRA, MAY 22, 2025
For over 200 million years, turtles have thrived across land and sea, surviving mass extinctions and playing a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. Often referred to as “keystone species,” sea turtles influence the health and stability of both marine and terrestrial ecosystems.
Yet today, these ancient reptiles face unprecedented threats. Pollution, habitat loss, climate change, illegal wildlife trade, and poaching have pushed many turtle species to the edge of extinction. Around the world, conservationists are racing against time, using science, community outreach, and policy support to reverse this trend.
In India, turtles are found in regions like the Western Ghats, the Northeast, and along coastal stretches of Gujarat and Odisha. Among these, Odisha stands out for its mass nesting events of the Olive Ridley sea turtles, especially at the Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary and Rushikulya beaches. Listed as “Vulnerable” in the IUCN Red List, Olive Ridleys require dedicated protection — particularly in areas near human activity, such as the Dhamra Port operated by Adani Ports and Special Economic Zone (APSEZ).
Recognizing the ecological sensitivity of the region, several turtle-friendly initiatives have been undertaken around Dhamra Port. One such measure is the installation of dark sky-compliant lighting in the port and surrounding township, developed in consultation with IUCN turtle experts. This significantly reduces light pollution, aiding the safe movement of turtles during nesting seasons.
Between November and May, Olive Ridley turtles migrate to Odisha’s coast for mass nesting. During this period, Dhamra Port collaborates with the Odisha Forest Department to support monitoring and protection efforts. Sea-worthy trawlers are provided for patrolling, and navigation routes are carefully maintained away from key turtle congregation zones. Additionally, buoys are distributed to fishing boats to help prevent accidental intrusion into sensitive nesting areas.
To strengthen community involvement, regular awareness drives are organized to educate locals about the importance of turtle conservation. Dredging activities in the area also follow specially designed protocols aligned with IUCN guidelines.
During the 2024–25 nesting season, an estimated 604,000 Olive Ridley turtles nested at Gahirmatha — a promising sign that ongoing efforts may be making a difference.
In a further step towards long-term conservation, Dhamra Port has submitted a proposal to establish an “Olive Ridley Turtle and Estuarine Crocodile Research Centre” in partnership with the Government of Odisha. This center aims to advance scientific research and promote habitat protection for both turtles and estuarine crocodiles.
As vital players in sustaining marine biodiversity, turtles remain at the heart of global conservation efforts. On World Turtle Day, observed annually on May 23, the world is reminded of the urgent need to protect these ancient survivors — for the sake of ecosystems and future generations alike.
